Which retail innovation did Mesopotamian merchants introduce around 3000 BCE that revolutionized product sales and is considered one of the earliest forms of retail branding?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce, ancient civilizations created sophisticated retail systems that would influence commerce for millennia. Their product design, distribution networks, and brand strategies laid the groundwork for today's retail concepts. This trivia question explores how ancient Mesopotamians revolutionized retail with an innovation that fundamentally changed how products were sold and valued across their civilization.

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Cylinder seals used as product authentication stamps
Seasonal discount festivals during harvest periods
Loyalty tablet systems for repeat customers
Subscription-based food delivery services