Which ancient civilization created the first known customer loyalty program using clay tokens (tessera) that customers could collect and exchange for discounts on future purchases?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated retail systems that laid the groundwork for today's consumer economy. From the agoras of Greece to the forums of Rome and the bazaars of Mesopotamia, retail innovation has a history spanning thousands of years. Test your knowledge about one of the most revolutionary retail customer analytics systems from the ancient world!

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Ancient Romans, who gave loyal bath house customers tessera tokens to redeem for olive oil and perfumes
Ancient Egyptians, who provided papyrus loyalty scrolls to frequent buyers at the markets of Memphis
Mesopotamian merchants, who marked clay tablets with customer purchase histories at the markets of Ur
Ancient Greeks, who distributed bronze tokens to regular customers at the Athenian Agora