Which advertising technique was widely used by Ancient Roman merchants and is considered an early predecessor to modern storefront branding?

Before billboards and television commercials, ancient civilizations had their own innovative ways of advertising goods and services. From town criers in Ancient Egypt to painted signs in Pompeii, marketing has roots stretching back thousands of years. Test your knowledge about how ancient merchants and artisans promoted their products to potential customers across different civilizations. Do you know which advertising technique was most revolutionary in the ancient marketplace?

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Carved shop signs with pictorial representations of goods sold (e.g., a wheat sheaf for a baker)
Distribution of papyrus scrolls with promotional messages to passersby (early flyers)
Hiring professional orators to stand in forums praising products using memorized scripts
Staging elaborate theatrical performances demonstrating product benefits