Which market research method revolutionized how major telescope manufacturers understand amateur astronomer preferences in the 2010s?

The astronomy industry has seen significant changes in how products are marketed and sold to both amateur enthusiasts and professional researchers. From telescope manufacturers to planetarium software developers, companies in the astronomy sector employ various market research techniques to understand their specialized customer base. Test your knowledge about how astronomy companies gather insights about their customers!

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Virtual star parties with embedded product testing sessions
Traditional focus groups in major metropolitan areas
Mail-in surveys included with astronomy magazines
Analysis of telescope patent applications