Which ancient civilization is credited with creating the first known branded products with manufacturer's marks stamped on items to guarantee quality and origin?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce, ancient civilizations created sophisticated marketplaces that shaped commerce for millennia. From the grand agoras of Greece to the bustling bazaars of Mesopotamia, retail concepts we consider innovative today often have roots in antiquity. This poll explores the fascinating retail history of ancient civilizations and how they developed complex commercial systems that would influence trade practices across continents and throughout history.

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Ancient Romans with their 'ex officina' pottery stamps
Ancient Egyptians with their royal cartouches on luxury goods
Mesopotamians with their cylinder seal impressions on trade goods
Ancient Chinese with their imperial workshop marks on silk and ceramics