Which ancient civilization first implemented a standardized product labeling system for retail goods to indicate origin, quality, and manufacturer?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce platforms, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated retail systems that laid the groundwork for today's commercial practices. From the grand bazaars of Mesopotamia to the complex trade networks of the Roman Empire, retail innovation has a history spanning thousands of years. Test your knowledge about how our ancestors revolutionized commerce with this challenging trivia question!

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Ancient Egypt, with hieroglyphic seals stamped on pottery and textiles around 3100 BCE
Roman Empire, with 'ex officina' (from the workshop of) stamps on products around 100 CE
Indus Valley Civilization, with carved stone seals for merchant goods around 2600 BCE
Ancient China, with imperial workshop marks on silk and ceramics during the Han Dynasty