Which retail analytics technique did Walmart famously use in its early expansion days to identify optimal store locations?

In the world of retail, geographic strategy can make or break a brand's success. Some of the most successful retailers have mastered the art of location analytics to expand their empires. This trivia question tests your knowledge about one of the world's largest retailers and their sophisticated approach to geographic expansion. Do you know how they conquered markets through strategic location intelligence?

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Helicopter reconnaissance, where founder Sam Walton would fly over potential locations to assess traffic patterns and community layouts
GIS mapping software that predicted population growth based on satellite imagery
Customer focus groups in each potential market to determine shopping preferences
AI algorithms that analyzed competitor sales data to identify underserved markets