Which ancient civilization first implemented a systematic 'brand marking' system on retail products with maker's marks that functioned similarly to modern trademarks?

Before modern marketing strategies, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated methods to distinguish their products in bustling marketplaces. From distinctive pottery marks in Mesopotamia to royal seals in Egypt, product identification has a rich history dating back thousands of years. Test your knowledge about how ancient civilizations implemented early forms of brand management and product authentication in their commercial activities.

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Ancient Rome with their 'Sigillum' pottery stamps
Mesopotamian merchants with cylinder seals on clay containers
Ancient Egypt with their cartouche system on luxury goods
Ancient China with their dynasty-specific porcelain markings