Which store layout technique, known as the 'Gruen Transfer,' is deliberately used by retailers to increase unplanned purchases?

The strategic design of retail spaces has evolved dramatically over decades, with stores using psychological principles to influence customer behavior. From the placement of essential items to the direction of shopping flows, retailers have refined these techniques to maximize sales. This poll tests your knowledge about a fascinating aspect of store layout psychology that many retailers employ but consumers rarely notice.

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Placing mirrors strategically to slow down shoppers and create the illusion of more space
Disorienting shoppers with intentional design elements that make them lose track of their original shopping intentions
Using bright red sale signs that trigger psychological urgency and competitive shopping behavior
Positioning complementary products adjacent to each other to encourage multiple purchases