Which ancient civilization pioneered the use of hallmarks on products as a form of brand identification and quality assurance?

Before modern logos and slogans, ancient civilizations had their own sophisticated systems of brand identification and product marketing. Merchants in Egypt, Rome, Mesopotamia, and beyond used distinctive symbols, quality marks, and trade routes to establish reputation and build customer loyalty. This poll explores how ancient retailers created recognizable 'brands' thousands of years before modern marketing techniques emerged.

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Mesopotamia - merchants used cylinder seals to mark clay containers with their personal symbol
Ancient Egypt - artisans marked their goods with hieroglyphic signatures indicating workshop origin
Ancient Greece - potters signed their ceramic works with distinctive maker's marks
Roman Empire - merchants used 'tessera' tokens as proof of authenticity for imported goods