Which consumer psychology principle is most commonly employed in performing arts ticket pricing strategies that offer premium 'VIP experiences' alongside standard seating options?

In today's competitive entertainment landscape, performing arts venues use sophisticated retail strategies to fill seats and create loyal patrons. From Broadway to community theaters, marketing psychology plays a crucial role in audience development. Test your knowledge about the business side of the performing arts with this challenging trivia question!

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The decoy effect (attraction effect), where a third expensive option makes mid-tier tickets seem like better value
The IKEA effect, where audiences value performances more when they've participated in their creation
The mere exposure effect, where repeated exposure to a show's advertising increases likelihood of attendance
The scarcity principle, where limiting ticket availability creates a perception of higher value