Which subscription model innovation revolutionized scientific research access in the early 2000s by introducing the concept of researchers paying a fee to publish, making content free for readers to access?

The scientific research community has transformed how knowledge is shared through various subscription models. From traditional print journals to modern digital access platforms, the business of scientific knowledge distribution has evolved dramatically over the decades. This poll tests your awareness of how subscription models have shaped access to scientific information in the modern era.

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Open Access (Gold OA)
Pay-per-view Access
Institutional Repository Model
Diamond Consortium Model