Which innovative retail strategy in the 1450s most dramatically transformed consumer access to religious texts and philosophical works?

Throughout history, religious texts and philosophical works have been marketed and distributed in fascinating ways. From ancient scrolls to modern e-books, the 'product lifecycle' of spiritual wisdom has evolved dramatically. This trivia question explores a groundbreaking retail strategy that revolutionized how people accessed religious texts and philosophical works, creating what might be considered one of the earliest examples of 'democratized knowledge' in the religious marketplace.

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Gutenberg's printing press mass production, which reduced Bible costs from a year's wages to affordable levels for middle-class households
The Vatican's subscription model, where families could pay monthly fees to receive handwritten scripture passages delivered to their homes
Monastery gift shops that introduced branded religious merchandise including illuminated manuscripts with customizable covers
The first religious text trade-in program, allowing worshippers to exchange outdated scrolls for newer versions at reduced prices