Which retail innovation from the 1970s is widely considered the first major step in retail's digital transformation?

The retail landscape has undergone dramatic shifts throughout history, with technological innovations reshaping how consumers shop. From the first department stores of the 19th century to the e-commerce revolution of the late 20th century, retail's digital transformation has been marked by key moments that forever changed the industry. Test your knowledge about one of the most significant early milestones in retail's digital evolution!

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The first barcode scanner used commercially (in a Marsh Supermarket in Ohio in 1974)
The first computerized cash register (introduced by NCR in 1978)
The first electronic shelf labels (deployed by Kmart in 1976)
The first automated inventory management system (implemented by Walmart in 1975)