Which retail technology innovation, first used commercially in 1974, fundamentally transformed inventory management and is considered the grandfather of modern e-commerce systems?

Before e-commerce transformed shopping forever, one pioneering invention changed how physical retail stores tracked and sold their products. This innovation eliminated manual price labeling, dramatically sped up checkout times, and created the foundation for modern inventory management systems. Test your knowledge about this game-changing retail technology that bridged the gap between traditional commerce and today's digital shopping experience.

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Universal Product Code (UPC) barcode scanning
Electronic shelf labels (ESL)
RFID tagging system
Digital point-of-sale terminals