Which pharmaceutical product's recall in the early 1960s led to major reforms in drug approval processes worldwide after causing severe birth defects?

The pharmaceutical industry has experienced several significant product recalls throughout its history, with some having profound impacts on regulatory standards and patient safety protocols. One such recall fundamentally transformed how medications are tested and approved worldwide. Test your knowledge about this landmark pharmaceutical product recall that changed medical history and led to stricter drug safety regulations globally.

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Thalidomide
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Elixir Sulfanilamide
Phenformin