Which mathematical concept revolutionized POS systems by enabling secure digital transactions through asymmetric cryptography?

Point-of-Sale (POS) systems have evolved dramatically with mathematical algorithms powering their functionality. Modern POS systems utilize complex calculations for inventory management, predictive analytics, and transaction processing. This poll tests your knowledge of how mathematics intersects with retail technology in these essential business tools.

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Prime number factorization (RSA algorithm)
Fourier transforms
Markov chains
Monte Carlo simulations