Which mathematical technique revolutionized retail customer analytics by enabling retailers to discover hidden patterns in large customer datasets and create more effective personalization strategies?

Mathematics powers the most sophisticated retail analytics tools in the market today. Behind personalized recommendations, inventory forecasting, and customer segmentation lie complex mathematical models that transform raw data into actionable insights. This trivia question explores a groundbreaking mathematical technique that revolutionized how retailers understand customer behavior patterns and make data-driven decisions.

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Collaborative filtering matrix factorization
Bayesian inference probability
Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations
Fourier transform time series analysis