Which ancient civilization pioneered the concept of 'brand seals' on products, essentially creating the world's first product branding system?

The ancient world had sophisticated retail systems long before modern shopping malls. From Roman market forums to Chinese silk bazaars, ancient civilizations developed complex product distribution networks, market segmentation strategies, and branding techniques. Test your knowledge about how ancient merchants designed and marketed their products to different customer segments in the earliest known retail environments.

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Mesopotamia (with cylinder seals used by merchants to mark ownership and authenticity of goods)
Ancient Egypt (with hieroglyphic markings on pottery to indicate royal workshop production)
Ancient Greece (with amphora stamps showing city-state origin for olive oil and wine)
Indus Valley (with steatite seals used exclusively for administrative record-keeping)