Which of these scientific product innovations was originally developed as a result of NASA's space program research but later revolutionized medical diagnostics?

The intersection of scientific advancement and product development has led to revolutionary innovations that have changed our world. Many scientific breakthroughs resulted in commercial products that transformed industries and everyday life. This trivia question tests your knowledge about a significant scientific product innovation that emerged from unexpected research directions and became a commercial success story while advancing scientific capabilities.

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Digital image processing software that led to MRI technology
Microencapsulation technology used in extended-release pharmaceuticals
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing equipment
CRISPR gene editing laboratory tools