Which presidential campaign first pioneered the use of data-driven personalized merchandise targeting in 2012, with regionally-specific designs based on voter analytics?

Campaign merchandise has evolved into a sophisticated retail operation for political candidates. Beyond traditional buttons and yard signs, modern political campaigns utilize advanced retail strategies to build their brand, raise funds, and create walking advertisements for their message. This trivia question explores an innovative retail strategy that changed how political campaigns approach merchandise.

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Obama's 2012 re-election campaign, which used voter data to create location-specific designs that resonated with regional concerns
Romney's 2012 campaign, which introduced dynamic pricing strategies for merchandise based on polling data in swing states
McCain's 2008 campaign, which created the first integrated online store with merchandise tailored to demographic profiles
Hillary Clinton's 2016 campaign, which pioneered the 'localized merch pop-up shop' strategy in battleground states