Which mathematical technique revolutionized retail customer behavior prediction in the 2010s by enabling retailers to identify hidden patterns in large datasets?

The intersection of mathematics and retail technology has revolutionized how businesses analyze customer behavior and optimize operations. Advanced algorithms and predictive modeling have become essential tools for modern retailers seeking competitive advantage. This poll tests your knowledge about a significant mathematical innovation that transformed retail analytics and customer behavior prediction capabilities.

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Tensor-based collaborative filtering
Euclidean distance clustering
Markov chain optimization
Bayesian inference networks