Which ancient civilization first extensively used merchant seals as a form of brand protection and authentication for traded goods?

Before modern logos and slogans, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated methods of product identification and merchant branding. From distinctive pottery marks to specialized shop signs, these early branding techniques helped establish consumer trust and recognition in bustling ancient marketplaces. Test your knowledge about how ancient merchants distinguished themselves and their products in the competitive commercial landscapes of antiquity.

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Mesopotamia (specifically Sumerian and Babylonian merchants)
Ancient Egypt during the New Kingdom period
Classical Greece during the Golden Age of Athens
The Indus Valley Civilization during its urban phase