What was the original meaning of the term 'Black Friday' before it became associated with post-Thanksgiving shopping?

While Black Friday is now known as one of the biggest shopping events globally, its origin story has a fascinating historical twist. Test your knowledge about how this retail phenomenon got its name and how it evolved from a troubling beginning to a global shopping festival. This question explores the intersection of retail history, consumer trends, and how a negative term was transformed into a marketing powerhouse.

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A stock market crash in 1869 when gold prices plummeted
The day retail stores would finally show profit ('in the black') for the year
A term coined by Philadelphia retailers in the 1950s to promote sales
The day President Lincoln designated as a national day of shopping in 1863