Which architectural innovation, first implemented by Selfridges department store in 1909, fundamentally changed retail visual merchandising and is now standard practice worldwide?

The intersection of architecture and retail has produced groundbreaking innovations that transformed shopping experiences worldwide. From immersive flagship stores to sustainable design concepts, architects have played a crucial role in retail evolution. This trivia question focuses on a landmark architectural innovation that revolutionized the retail landscape and continues to influence modern store design. Test your knowledge of how architectural vision shapes retail strategy!

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The installation of display windows with electric lighting to showcase products to passersby even after business hours
The introduction of escalators as central design elements to encourage customers to visit upper selling floors
The concept of an open floor plan without internal walls to allow flexible merchandise arrangement
The implementation of glass-domed atriums to bring natural light into the center of large retail spaces