Which product design innovation in the 1980s fundamentally changed how scientists perform PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), leading to the modern thermal cycler?

Modern scientific research depends heavily on well-designed laboratory equipment. The ergonomics, functionality, and user experience of these tools have evolved dramatically over time, responding to researchers' needs and technological advancements. This poll tests your knowledge of how human-centered design principles have shaped the development of a common laboratory instrument that revolutionized scientific research.

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The integration of a graphical user interface with programmable temperature profiles
Automated sample handling and robotic pipetting systems
The replacement of water baths with Peltier-effect thermoelectric heating/cooling blocks
The addition of fluorescence detection for real-time analysis