Which mathematical algorithm revolutionized e-commerce by powering Amazon's 'Customers Who Bought This Also Bought' recommendation engine?

The intersection of mathematics and marketing has created powerful tools for analyzing consumer behavior and optimizing product strategies. From predictive analytics to algorithmic recommendation engines, math drives modern retail success. This trivia question explores how a famous mathematical concept revolutionized online shopping and personalized product recommendations.

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Collaborative Filtering Matrix Factorization
Bayesian Probability Sorting
Fibonacci Sequence Ordering
Monte Carlo Simulation Mapping