In retail design, what is the 'Gruen Transfer' effect named after architect Victor Gruen?

Retail stores are carefully designed to maximize sales through strategic product placement and customer flow management. The science behind store layouts combines psychology, economics, and behavioral analysis to influence purchasing decisions. How well do you understand the deliberate design choices that shape your shopping experience? Test your knowledge about one of the most effective yet subtle retail tactics used by major stores worldwide.

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The moment when a customer transitions from purposeful shopping to impulse buying due to store layout manipulation
The strategic placement of high-margin products at eye level to increase visibility and sales
The practice of positioning essential items at the back of stores to increase customer exposure to other products
The calculated ratio between aisle width and shopping cart size to optimize customer comfort and product visibility