Which ancient civilization first used the caduceus (staff with two intertwined snakes) as a merchant symbol that later evolved into a widely recognized brand element still used in some industries today?

The ancient world wasn't just about monuments and warfare—it was also home to some of history's earliest brand identities and marketing strategies. From Egyptian merchant seals to Roman storefront advertising, civilizations developed sophisticated ways to distinguish their products and services. This poll tests your knowledge about one of the most enduring ancient brand symbols that continues to influence modern retail and marketing concepts.

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Mesopotamian traders (circa 3000 BCE)
Ancient Greeks, associated with Hermes, god of commerce and trade
Egyptian marketplace vendors under Pharaoh Ramses II
Phoenician shipping merchants of the Mediterranean