Which ancient civilization pioneered one of the earliest known 'loyalty programs' where frequent customers at certain merchants received clay tokens that could be exchanged for discounts on future purchases?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated retail systems that laid the foundation for today's commerce. From Mesopotamian marketplaces to Roman shopping complexes, retail has a history spanning thousands of years. This trivia question explores how ancient civilizations pioneered retail loyalty programs - a concept we often think of as modern but which has surprising historical roots.

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Ancient Rome, where the 'tessera' token system rewarded patrons of bath houses and wine merchants
Ancient Babylon, where clay tablet 'sibtu' functioned as merchant-specific discount vouchers for regular customers
Ancient Egypt, where 'shabti' tokens were given to noble customers who frequently purchased luxury goods
Ancient Greece, where 'symbolon' pieces were used by merchants to recognize and reward returning customers