What historical event first caused the term 'Black Friday' to be associated with shopping the day after Thanksgiving?

Black Friday has become one of the world's most significant shopping festivals, generating billions in sales annually. But this retail phenomenon has deeper historical roots than many realize. Test your knowledge about how this shopping tradition evolved from a financial crisis to become a global retail event that shapes consumer behavior, marketing strategies, and even international retail calendars.

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The 1869 gold market crash that occurred on a Friday, causing financial panic that affected retailers nationwide
A 1951 initiative by Philadelphia retailers to create the first coordinated post-Thanksgiving sales event
A 1924 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade that ended with the announcement of holiday sales beginning the next day
A 1939 presidential proclamation by FDR that moved Thanksgiving earlier to extend the Christmas shopping season