Which mathematical technique revolutionized retail analytics by enabling Amazon to implement its famous 'customers who bought this also bought' recommendation system?

Retail data analytics has transformed how companies understand customer behavior, inventory management, and sales forecasting. Advanced mathematical algorithms and statistical models now power the most sophisticated retail operations worldwide. Test your knowledge about how mathematics intersects with retail analytics in this challenging trivia question!

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Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)
Monte Carlo Simulation
Bayesian Networks
Markov Decision Processes