Which retail giant pioneered the use of 'predictive analytics' to determine which products customers would purchase before they even knew they wanted them?

The retail landscape has been transformed by big data analytics in recent years. Major retailers now collect and analyze enormous amounts of customer data to optimize everything from inventory management to personalized marketing. This poll tests your knowledge about how leading companies are using retail data analytics to gain competitive advantages in the modern marketplace.

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Target, with its famous pregnancy prediction algorithm that could identify expecting mothers based on subtle shopping pattern changes
Amazon, with its recommendation engine that analyzed browsing history to predict future purchases
Walmart, with its inventory management system that predicted regional buying trends based on weather forecasts
Kroger, with its loyalty program that identified household composition based on grocery purchasing patterns