Which technology innovation first enabled retailers to systematically track customer movement patterns within physical stores, revolutionizing in-store analytics?

The retail industry underwent a massive transformation when big data analytics began revealing hidden customer insights and optimizing operations. One pioneering technology fundamentally changed how retailers collect and analyze customer behavior data in physical stores. This innovation marked a turning point in retail analytics, allowing businesses to track shopping patterns with unprecedented precision. Test your knowledge of this retail data revolution that helped bridge the gap between online and offline customer analytics.

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Heat-mapping cameras (2007)
RFID shopping carts (2003)
Electronic article surveillance gates (1999)
Bluetooth beacon technology (2013)