Which ancient civilization is credited with creating the first widely recognized merchant 'brands' using cylinder seals to mark authentic goods in international trade around 3000 BCE?

Before modern logos and trademarks, ancient civilizations had their own sophisticated systems of product identification and brand recognition. Merchants and artisans used distinctive symbols to mark their goods, building reputation and customer loyalty across vast trade networks. This poll explores how ancient societies implemented early branding techniques that still influence modern marketing strategies today.

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Mesopotamian (Sumerian/Babylonian)
Egyptian
Indus Valley
Minoan