Which revolutionary retail product development in the 1450s had the most profound impact on the spread of religious texts and ultimately transformed religious practice worldwide?

Before mass production of religious texts, sacred writings were laboriously hand-copied by scribes, making them incredibly rare and expensive. The development of printing technology transformed religious practice by democratizing access to sacred texts. This poll explores a pivotal moment in religious retail history that revolutionized how people accessed and engaged with spiritual teachings worldwide.

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Gutenberg's movable-type printing press, which first mass-produced the Bible
The development of parchment paper by Zosimos of Panopolis, making texts more durable
Leonardo da Vinci's advanced bookbinding techniques that reduced production costs
The creation of the first subscription-based monastery library system by the Benedictines