Which product development innovation first allowed game developers to create procedurally generated open-world environments at massive scale with minimal memory requirements?

In the rapidly evolving gaming industry, product development milestones often mark significant shifts in how virtual worlds are experienced. This trivia question focuses on a revolutionary product development approach that changed how game developers create expansive virtual environments. Test your knowledge of gaming industry innovations that have shaped modern virtual world design!

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Middleware-based asset streaming
No Man's Sky's custom engine with mathematical seed algorithms
Epic's Nanite virtualized geometry system
Unity's Scriptable Render Pipeline