Which 19th century retailer is credited with creating the first modern department store, introducing fixed pricing and allowing customers to browse freely without pressure to buy?

Before modern e-commerce giants dominated retail, several visionary entrepreneurs created revolutionary retail systems that transformed how people shopped. These retail pioneers introduced concepts we now take for granted, from mail-order catalogs to department stores and discount chains. This trivia question explores a significant retail innovation from the 19th century that helped shape modern commerce.

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Aristide Boucicaut (Le Bon Marché, Paris, 1852)
Frank Winfield Woolworth (Woolworth's, USA, 1879)
Harry Gordon Selfridge (Selfridge's, London, 1909)
Timothy Eaton (T. Eaton Co., Canada, 1869)