Which retail innovation from the 1930s fundamentally changed the customer journey by introducing the concept of self-service shopping?

The evolution of retail has been marked by transformative innovations that changed how customers shop and interact with products. Throughout history, certain retail advancements have fundamentally altered the customer journey, creating new shopping paradigms that we now take for granted. Test your knowledge about a significant historical development in retail that revolutionized the customer experience and set the foundation for modern commerce practices.

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The supermarket, pioneered by King Kullen in 1930, allowing customers to select their own products rather than requesting them from clerks
Department store catalog ordering, where customers could browse products at home and place orders by mail or telephone
The introduction of installment payment plans, allowing customers to purchase high-value items and pay for them over time
Standardized product packaging with printed prices, eliminating the need for haggling and price negotiations with merchants