Which ancient civilization pioneered the concept of 'brand seals' on merchandise to guarantee quality and identify the manufacturer?

The ancient world had sophisticated retail and branding systems long before modern commerce. From Egyptian market stalls to Roman shopping complexes, ancient civilizations developed complex commercial strategies that still influence retail today. Test your knowledge about how these early merchants built brand recognition, created customer loyalty, and developed unique product identities in the ancient marketplace.

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Mesopotamians, who stamped cylinder seals on clay tablets to certify product origin around 3000 BCE
Ancient Egyptians, who painted hieroglyphic maker's marks on pottery and goods sold in the marketplace
Romans, who developed the first standardized 'tesserae' tokens as proof of purchase and product authenticity
Ancient Chinese merchants, who used carved jade chops to stamp their distinctive marks on silk and porcelain goods