Which ancient civilization first developed a systematic use of merchant seals as 'brand logos' to guarantee product authenticity in long-distance trade networks?

Before modern corporate logos, ancient civilizations had their own unique systems of commercial identification. Merchants, artisans, and royal workshops used distinctive marks to signify authenticity, origin, and quality. These ancient 'brand marks' played crucial roles in trade networks spanning from Mesopotamia to the Mediterranean. Test your knowledge about how ancient civilizations developed early forms of brand identity and commercial symbolism that influenced trade across empires.

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Mesopotamian (specifically Sumerian merchants around 3000 BCE)
Ancient Egyptian (during the Middle Kingdom period, 2000-1700 BCE)
Phoenician traders (during their Mediterranean trade dominance, 1500-300 BCE)
Roman Republic merchants (following standardized practices established around 300 BCE)