Which ancient civilization first introduced standardized product packaging and retail branding through cylinder seals to authenticate goods in marketplaces around 3500 BCE?

Before modern storefronts and e-commerce platforms, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated retail systems that influenced commerce for millennia. From the agoras of Greece to the forum markets of Rome, and the grand bazaars of Mesopotamia, product design and retail innovation have deep historical roots. This trivia question challenges your knowledge about one of the earliest and most influential retail innovations that revolutionized how products were presented and sold in the ancient world.

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Mesopotamian (Sumerian) civilization
Ancient Egyptian civilization
Indus Valley civilization
Ancient Chinese Xia Dynasty