Which innovative marketing strategy was NOT used by Intuitive Surgical to promote the Da Vinci Surgical System to hospitals?

The medical device industry has seen remarkable innovations in recent years, with marketing campaigns playing a crucial role in adoption. The Da Vinci Surgical System revolutionized minimally invasive surgery and became one of the most successful medical devices in history. Its marketing approach changed how complex medical equipment is promoted to hospitals, surgeons, and patients. Test your knowledge about this groundbreaking product marketing case study in medical technology.

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Creating a surgical simulator allowing doctors to test the system before purchase
Developing a patient referral program where patients could request Da Vinci procedures from their doctors
Offering hospitals direct-to-consumer marketing materials to advertise their Da Vinci capabilities
Implementing a 'pay-per-procedure' model where hospitals only paid when the system was used