Which retail technology invention, first used commercially in 1974, was initially met with consumer resistance but eventually became universal in stores worldwide?

The retail landscape has been transformed by numerous technological innovations throughout history. Some inventions fundamentally altered how retailers track inventory, process transactions, and understand customer behavior. This trivia question tests your knowledge about a pivotal retail technology breakthrough that revolutionized inventory management and checkout efficiency worldwide, fundamentally changing the retail industry forever.

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Universal Product Code (UPC) barcode scanning
Electronic point-of-sale (EPOS) touchscreen systems
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags
Electronic article surveillance (EAS) anti-theft systems