Which ancient civilization invented the first documented brand identity system, using distinctive seals to mark products for authenticity and merchant reputation?

Before modern retail and e-commerce, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated commercial systems that would lay the foundation for today's business practices. From brand identities stamped into clay tablets to complex supply chains spanning continents, these early merchants were innovative product strategists. Test your knowledge about the retail and branding practices that have survived for thousands of years!

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Mesopotamia (specifically the Sumerians, circa 3000 BCE)
Ancient Egypt (under Pharaoh Ramses II)
The Phoenicians (as part of their trading network)
Indus Valley Civilization (at Mohenjo-daro)