Which scientific discovery led to the largest consumer electronics recall in history, when it was found that a specific battery chemistry could cause spontaneous combustion?

Product recalls represent critical moments for companies when science and consumer safety intersect. The scientific analysis behind identifying, evaluating, and addressing product defects involves sophisticated testing protocols and risk assessment methodologies. This poll explores your knowledge about the scientific aspects of major product recalls that have shaped industry standards and consumer protection measures.

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Lithium-ion battery thermal runaway in the Samsung Galaxy Note 7
Mercury leakage in early LCD screens
Cadmium contamination in solar-powered calculators
Lead-acid battery explosions in early laptop computers