Which advertising technique was commonly used by merchants in Ancient Rome to promote their products and services?

Before billboards and TikTok ads, ancient civilizations had their own innovative marketing strategies. Product promotion is not a modern invention - merchants in ancient Rome, Egypt, and Mesopotamia developed sophisticated techniques to advertise their goods and services. This trivia question explores how ancient civilizations approached product branding and customer awareness in marketplaces that were the commercial centers of their worlds.

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Painted shop signs with recognizable symbols (for the illiterate) showing what was sold inside
Distributing clay tablets with product descriptions to households (ancient flyers)
Hiring professional actors to perform short plays about their products in town squares
Sponsoring gladiatorial games where winners would endorse specific products