Which algorithmic approach revolutionized music streaming recommendations in the 2010s, leading to Spotify's discovery features?

The way we discover music has been revolutionized by streaming services. Behind these platforms are sophisticated personalization algorithms that analyze our listening habits to recommend new artists and songs. These recommendation engines have become crucial for both artist discovery and music marketing strategies. Test your knowledge about how these algorithms shape the modern music industry!

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Collaborative filtering using matrix factorization
Simple genre matching based on manual tagging
Pure content-based analysis of audio waveforms
Random forest algorithms analyzing only user demographics